About Silicon Valley
1. Overview
Silicon Valley (sometimes abbreviated as SV) is a region in the southern San Francisco Bay Area of Northern California which serves as a global center for high technology, innovation and social media. It corresponds roughly to the geographical Santa Clara Valley.
The word "silicon" originally referred to the large number of silicon chip innovators and manufacturers in the region, but the area is now the home to many of the world's largest high-tech corporations, including the headquarters of 39 businesses in the Fortune 1000, and thousands of startup companies.
Silicon Valley also accounts for one-third of all of the venture capital investment in the United States, which has helped it to become a leading hub and startup ecosystem for high-tech innovation and scientific development.

2. Brief History Movie
GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND KEY CONCEPTS
1. Players

Startup
A startup is a company that is in the first stage of its operations. Due to limited revenue or high costs, most of these small-scale operations are not sustainable in the long term without additional funding from venture capitalists.
Although there are no hard and fast rules on defining a startup since revenues, profits, and employment numbers greatly shift between companies and industries, one key attribute of a startup is its ability to grow, meaning that a startup is a company designed to scale very quickly.
Accelerator
Startup accelerators support early-stage, growth-driven companies through education, mentorship, and financing.
The four distinct factors that make accelerators unique: they are fixed-term, cohort-based, and mentorship-driven, and they culminate in a graduation or “demo day.” None of the other early-stage institutions — incubators, angel investors, or seed-stage venture capitalists — have these collective elements.
The business model of accelerators are different by each, but usually they would try to take a margin of the equity of the start ups, and do not charge for their mentoring part.
Incubator
Incubator is a collaborative program designed to help new startups succeed. Incubators help entrepreneurs solve some of the problems commonly associated with running a startup by providing workspace, seed funding, mentoring, and training.
Startup incubators are usually non-profit organizations, which are usually run by both public and private entities. Incubators are often associated with universities, and some business schools allow their students and alumni to take part in these programs.
Or, sometimes corporates will establish their own incubator to work together with start ups. By having a netural own arm to work with start ups, this is one way to co-work among start ups and corporates.
Angel Investor
Angel investors invest in small startups or entrepreneurs. Often, angel investors are among an entrepreneur's family and friends. The capital angel investors provide may be a one-time investment to help the business propel or an ongoing injection of money to support and carry the company through its difficult early stages.
Angel investors usually would invest in lower amount of money, as it is higher risk to support such start ups in its early stage.
Venture capital
Usually abbreviated as "VC"
A venture capitalist is a person who invests in a business venture, providing capital for start-up or expansion. Their business is to pool investment funds (from pension funds, large corporations, university endowment funds etc.) and find and invest in businesses that are going to provide their investors high rates of return.
Venture funding refers to an investment that comes from a venture capital firm and describes Series A, Series B, and later rounds.
GP/LP
GP (General Partners) serves as investment professionals. They are the guys who decided which ventures to invest in, and the guys who generally take a board seat post investment.
LP (Limited Partners) do not concern themselves with the day to day running of a VC fund, but these are the guys who have put up the capital for the VC fund.

2. Funding Round
Angel Round
An angel round is typically a small round designed to get a new company off the ground. The typical angel investment is $25K to $100K a company, but can go higher.
Investors in an angel round include individual angel investors, angel investor groups, friends, and family.
Pre-Seed Round
A Pre-Seed round is a pre-institutional seed round that either has no institutional investors or is a very low amount, often below $150k.
Seed Round
Seed rounds are among the first rounds of funding a company will receive, generally while the company is young and working to gain traction.
Round sizes range between $10k–$2M, though larger seed rounds have become more common in recent years. A seed round typically comes after an angel round (if applicable) and before a company’s Series A round.
Series A and Series B
Both rounds are funding rounds for earlier stage companies and range on average between $1M–$30M.
Series C
C rounds and onwards are for later stage and more established companies. These rounds are usually $10M+ and are often much larger.

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